Ion3 - Arch Linux 中文维基

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# Ion3

来自 Arch Linux 中文维基

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原因： 请提供模板的第一个位置参数以概括原因。 (在Talk:Ion3讨论)

# 简介

Ion 是一个有着标签(tab)框架的风格的，平铺的窗体管理器。它的配置文件以Lua语言作为内嵌的释译器。它的功能主要使用键盘来控制，同时也支持鼠标。

# 安装

Ion3现已被移出官方软件仓库，详细信息可以看Arch Linux新闻页面。所以现在只能通过AUR来安装。

安装好之后，把配置文件拷贝到您的主目录下：

    cp /etc/ion3/* ~/.ion3

要启用Ion3，需把下面这一行加到 `~/.xinitrc` 中来 :

    exec ion3

现在您可以按下面配置文件所述，来配置Ion。

# 配置

注意: 相比原有的配置文件，我已经对这些文件基于我自己喜好进行了很大的改动。/xerxes2

## cfg_ion.lua

Ion3的主配置文件。

    -- Ion main configuration file
    --
    -- Ion主配置文件
    --

    --
    -- Some basic setup
    --
    -- 一些基本的设置
    --

    -- Set default modifiers. Alt should usually be mapped to Mod1 on
    -- XFree86-based systems. The flying window keys are probably Mod3
    -- or Mod4; see the output of 'xmodmap'.
    --
    -- 设置默认功能键(modifiers)。在基于XFree86的X系统中，Alt键通常被映射为Mod1，
    -- Win键常被映射为Mod3或是Mod4，详见 'xmodmap' 命令的输出。
    --
    MOD1="Mod4+"
    MOD2="Mod1+"

    ioncore.set{
        -- Maximum delay between clicks in milliseconds to be considered a
        -- double click.
        dblclick_delay=250,

        -- For keyboard resize, time (in milliseconds) to wait after latest
        -- key press before automatically leaving resize mode (and doing
        -- the resize in case of non-opaque move).
        kbresize_delay=1500,

        -- Opaque resize?
        opaque_resize=false,

        -- Movement commands warp the pointer to frames instead of just
        -- changing focus. Enabled by default.
        warp=true,

        -- Default workspace type.
        default_ws_type="WIonWS",
    }

    --
    -- Load some modules, extensions and other configuration files
    --
    -- 加载一些模块，扩展功能，以及其它配置文件

    -- Load some modules.
    dopath("mod_query")
    dopath("mod_menu")
    dopath("mod_ionws")
    dopath("mod_floatws")
    dopath("mod_panews")
    --dopath("mod_statusbar")
    --dopath("mod_dock")
    dopath("mod_sp")

    -- Load some kludges to make apps behave better.
    -- 加载一些补充程序(kludges)，以使程序有更好的外观。
    dopath("cfg_kludges")

    -- Make some bindings.
    -- 完成热键绑定
    dopath("cfg_bindings")

    -- Define some menus (mod_menu required)
    -- 定义一些菜单（需要用到mod_menu）
    dopath("cfg_menus")

    -- Load additional user configuration. 'true' as second parameter asks
    -- Ion not to complain if the file is not found.
    -- 加载用户自定义的配置。第二个参数 'ture' 告诉Ion被抱怨找不到该文件。
    dopath("cfg_user", true)

要使用热键，按住功能键的同时按下热键（Modkey + hotkey）。 `dopath` 命令能配置Ion启动时加载的模块。如果您不想启动某个模块，把它所在的那一行注释即可。

## cfg_bindings.lua

这个文件配置键盘上的控制热键。

    --
    -- Ion bindings configuration file. Global bindings and bindings common
    -- to screens and all types of frames only. See modules' configuration
    -- files for other bindings.
    --
    --
    -- 此配置文件只用于Ion全局、screan，以及各种frame的热键绑定。
    -- 想了解配置的细节，参见各模块的配置文件。
    --

    -- WScreen context bindings
    --
    -- WScreen 事件的热键绑定
    --
    -- The bindings in this context are available all the time.
    --
    -- 此文中的各种热键绑定将一直生效。
    --
    -- The variable MOD1 should contain a string of the form 'Mod1+'
    -- where Mod1 maybe replaced with the modifier you want to use for most
    -- of the bindings. Similarly MOD2 may be redefined to add a
    -- modifier to some of the F-key bindings.
    --
    -- MOD1变量将赋于一个字符串，该字符串以 'Mod1+'的形式表征。
    -- 此Mod1可以为任何一个您想使用的modifier，用于绝大多数的热键绑定。
    -- 和MOD1相似地，MOD2也可以被重新定义。由此添加一个用于F-key绑定的modifier。
    --
    defbindings("WScreen", {
        bdoc("Switch to n:th object (workspace, full screen client window) "..
             "within current screen."),
        kpress(MOD1.."1", "WScreen.switch_nth(_, 0)"),
        kpress(MOD1.."2", "WScreen.switch_nth(_, 1)"),
        kpress(MOD1.."3", "WScreen.switch_nth(_, 2)"),
        kpress(MOD1.."4", "WScreen.switch_nth(_, 3)"),
        kpress(MOD1.."5", "WScreen.switch_nth(_, 4)"),
        kpress(MOD1.."6", "WScreen.switch_nth(_, 5)"),
        kpress(MOD1.."7", "WScreen.switch_nth(_, 6)"),
        kpress(MOD1.."8", "WScreen.switch_nth(_, 7)"),
        kpress(MOD1.."9", "WScreen.switch_nth(_, 8)"),
        kpress(MOD1.."0", "WScreen.switch_nth(_, 9)"),

    --    bdoc("Switch to next/previous object within current screen."),
    --    kpress(MOD2.."comma", "ioncore.goto_previous()"),
    --    kpress(MOD2.."period", "ioncore.goto_next()"),

        kpress(MOD1.."Left", "WScreen.switch_prev(_)"),
        kpress(MOD1.."Right", "WScreen.switch_next(_)"),

        submap(MOD1.."K", {
            bdoc("Go to previous active object."),
            kpress("K", "ioncore.goto_previous()"),

            bdoc("Clear all tags."),
            kpress("T", "ioncore.clear_tags()"),
        }),

        bdoc("Go to n:th screen on multihead setup."),
        kpress(MOD1.."Shift+1", "ioncore.goto_nth_screen(0)"),
        kpress(MOD1.."Shift+2", "ioncore.goto_nth_screen(1)"),

        bdoc("Go to next/previous screen on multihead setup."),
        kpress(MOD1.."Shift+Left", "ioncore.goto_next_screen()"),
        kpress(MOD1.."Shift+Right", "ioncore.goto_prev_screen()"),

        bdoc("Create a new workspace of chosen default type."),
        kpress(MOD1.."F9", "ioncore.create_ws(_)"),

        bdoc("Display the main menu."),
        kpress(MOD1.."F12", "mod_menu.bigmenu(_, _sub, 'mainmenu')"),
        mpress("Button3", "mod_menu.pmenu(_, _sub, 'mainmenu')"),

        bdoc("Display the window list menu."),
        mpress("Button2", "mod_menu.pmenu(_, _sub, 'windowlist')"),
    })

    -- WMPlex context bindings
    --
    -- WMPlex 事件的热键绑定
    --
    -- These bindings work in frames and on screens. The innermost of such
    -- contexts/objects always gets to handle the key press. Most of these
    -- bindings define actions on client windows. (Remember that client windows
    -- can be put in fullscreen mode and therefore may not have a frame.)
    --
    -- 这些热键绑定在各个frame和screan中生效。这些事件/实体会一直在您按下按键时生效。
    -- 它们所定义的，大多是控制窗体的动作。
    -- （记得当窗体(client window)处于全屏模式时，它们不会表现为一个个的框(frame)。）
    --
    -- The "_sub:WClientWin" guards are used to ensure that _sub is a client
    -- window in order to stop Ion from executing the callback with an invalid
    -- parameter if it is not and then complaining.
    -- 守卫进程 "_sub:WClientWin" 用于保证 _sub 为一个窗体(client window)，以便于当Ion
    -- 在执行收回函数时接收到一个非法参数而抱怨。（此处可能有翻译不当）

    defbindings("WMPlex", {
        bdoc("Close current object."),
        kpress_wait(MOD1.."C", "WRegion.rqclose_propagate(_, _sub)"),

        bdoc("Nudge current client window. This might help with some "..
             "programs' resizing problems."),
        kpress_wait(MOD1.."L",
                    "WClientWin.nudge(_sub)", "_sub:WClientWin"),

        bdoc("Toggle fullscreen mode of current client window."),
        kpress_wait(MOD1.."Return",
                    "WClientWin.set_fullscreen(_sub, 'toggle')",
                    "_sub:WClientWin"),

        submap(MOD1.."K", {
           bdoc("Kill client owning current client window."),
           kpress("C", "WClientWin.kill(_sub)", "_sub:WClientWin"),

           bdoc("Send next key press to current client window. "..
                "Some programs may not allow this by default."),
           kpress("Q", "WClientWin.quote_next(_sub)", "_sub:WClientWin"),
        }),

        bdoc("Query for manual page to be displayed."),
        kpress(MOD2.."F1", "mod_query.query_man(_, ':man')"),

        bdoc("Show the Ion manual page."),
        kpress(MOD1.."F1", "ioncore.exec_on(_, ':man ion3')"),

        bdoc("Run a terminal emulator."),
        kpress(MOD1.."F2", "ioncore.exec_on(_, 'urxvt')"),

        bdoc("Query for command line to execute."),
        kpress(MOD2.."F3", "mod_query.query_exec(_)"),

        bdoc("Query for Lua code to execute."),
        kpress(MOD1.."F3", "mod_query.query_lua(_)"),

        bdoc("Query for host to connect to with SSH."),
        kpress(MOD2.."F4", "mod_query.query_ssh(_, ':ssh')"),

        bdoc("Query for file to edit."),
        kpress(MOD2.."F5",
               "mod_query.query_editfile(_, 'run-mailcap --action=edit')"),

        bdoc("Query for file to view."),
        kpress(MOD2.."F6",
               "mod_query.query_runfile(_, 'run-mailcap --action=view')"),

        bdoc("Query for workspace to go to or create a new one."),
        kpress(MOD2.."F9", "mod_query.query_workspace(_)"),

        bdoc("Query for a client window to go to."),
        kpress(MOD1.."G", "mod_query.query_gotoclient(_)"),
    })

    -- WFrame context bindings
    --
    -- WFrame 事件的热键绑定
    --
    -- These bindings are common to all types of frames. The rest of frame
    -- bindings that differ between frame types are defined in the modules'
    -- configuration files.
    --
    -- 这些热键绑定用于各种框体(frame)。其它框体的配置在模块配置文件中定义。
    --

    defbindings("WFrame", {
        bdoc("Tag current object within the frame."),
        kpress(MOD1.."T", "WRegion.set_tagged(_sub, 'toggle')", "_sub:non-nil"),

        submap(MOD1.."K", {
            bdoc("Switch to n:th object within the frame."),
            kpress("1", "WFrame.switch_nth(_, 0)"),
            kpress("2", "WFrame.switch_nth(_, 1)"),
            kpress("3", "WFrame.switch_nth(_, 2)"),
            kpress("4", "WFrame.switch_nth(_, 3)"),
            kpress("5", "WFrame.switch_nth(_, 4)"),
            kpress("6", "WFrame.switch_nth(_, 5)"),
            kpress("7", "WFrame.switch_nth(_, 6)"),
            kpress("8", "WFrame.switch_nth(_, 7)"),
            kpress("9", "WFrame.switch_nth(_, 8)"),
            kpress("0", "WFrame.switch_nth(_, 9)"),

            bdoc("Switch to next/previous object within the frame."),
            kpress("N", "WFrame.switch_next(_)"),
            kpress("P", "WFrame.switch_prev(_)"),

            bdoc("Move current object within the frame left/right."),
            kpress("comma", "WFrame.dec_index(_, _sub)", "_sub:non-nil"),
            kpress("period", "WFrame.inc_index(_, _sub)", "_sub:non-nil"),

            bdoc("Maximize the frame horizontally/vertically."),
            kpress("H", "WFrame.maximize_horiz(_)"),
            kpress("V", "WFrame.maximize_vert(_)"),

            bdoc("Attach tagged objects to this frame."),
            kpress("A", "WFrame.attach_tagged(_)"),
        }),

        kpress(MOD1.."comma", "WFrame.switch_prev(_)"),
        kpress(MOD1.."period", "WFrame.switch_next(_)"),

        bdoc("Query for a client window to attach to active frame."),
        kpress(MOD1.."A", "mod_query.query_attachclient(_)"),

        bdoc("Display frame context menu."),
        kpress(MOD1.."M", "mod_menu.menu(_, _sub, 'ctxmenu')"),
        mpress("Button3", "mod_menu.pmenu(_, _sub, 'ctxmenu')"),

        bdoc("Begin move/resize mode."),
        kpress(MOD1.."R", "WFrame.begin_kbresize(_)"),

        bdoc("Switch the frame to display the object indicated by the tab."),
        mclick("Button1@tab", "WFrame.p_switch_tab(_)"),
        mclick("Button2@tab", "WFrame.p_switch_tab(_)"),

        bdoc("Resize the frame."),
        mdrag("Button1@border", "WFrame.p_resize(_)"),
        mdrag(MOD1.."Button3", "WFrame.p_resize(_)"),

        bdoc("Move the frame."),
        mdrag(MOD1.."Button1", "WFrame.p_move(_)"),

        bdoc("Move objects between frames by dragging and dropping the tab."),
        mdrag("Button1@tab", "WFrame.p_tabdrag(_)"),
        mdrag("Button2@tab", "WFrame.p_tabdrag(_)"),

    })

    -- WMoveresMode context bindings
    --
    -- WMoveresMode 事件的绑定
    --
    -- These bindings are available keyboard move/resize mode. The mode
    -- is activated on frames with the command begin_kbresize (bound to
    -- MOD1.."R" above by default).
    --
    -- 这些绑定让您可以使用键盘来移动和改变框体的大小(move/resize mode)。
    -- 您可以用begin_kbresize命令来进入这个移动和改变框体大小的状态。
    -- （默认是绑定于上面的MOD1.."R"）

    defbindings("WMoveresMode", {
        bdoc("Cancel the resize mode."),
        kpress("AnyModifier+Escape","WMoveresMode.cancel(_)"),

        bdoc("End the resize mode."),
        kpress("AnyModifier+Return","WMoveresMode.finish(_)"),

        bdoc("Grow in specified direction."),
        kpress("Left",  "WMoveresMode.resize(_, 1, 0, 0, 0)"),
        kpress("Right", "WMoveresMode.resize(_, 0, 1, 0, 0)"),
        kpress("Up",    "WMoveresMode.resize(_, 0, 0, 1, 0)"),
        kpress("Down",  "WMoveresMode.resize(_, 0, 0, 0, 1)"),
        kpress("F",     "WMoveresMode.resize(_, 1, 0, 0, 0)"),
        kpress("B",     "WMoveresMode.resize(_, 0, 1, 0, 0)"),
        kpress("P",     "WMoveresMode.resize(_, 0, 0, 1, 0)"),
        kpress("N",     "WMoveresMode.resize(_, 0, 0, 0, 1)"),

        bdoc("Shrink in specified direction."),
        kpress("Shift+Left",  "WMoveresMode.resize(_,-1, 0, 0, 0)"),
        kpress("Shift+Right", "WMoveresMode.resize(_, 0,-1, 0, 0)"),
        kpress("Shift+Up",    "WMoveresMode.resize(_, 0, 0,-1, 0)"),
        kpress("Shift+Down",  "WMoveresMode.resize(_, 0, 0, 0,-1)"),
        kpress("Shift+F",     "WMoveresMode.resize(_,-1, 0, 0, 0)"),
        kpress("Shift+B",     "WMoveresMode.resize(_, 0,-1, 0, 0)"),
        kpress("Shift+P",     "WMoveresMode.resize(_, 0, 0,-1, 0)"),
        kpress("Shift+N",     "WMoveresMode.resize(_, 0, 0, 0,-1)"),

        bdoc("Move in specified direction."),
        kpress(MOD1.."Left",  "WMoveresMode.move(_,-1, 0)"),
        kpress(MOD1.."Right", "WMoveresMode.move(_, 1, 0)"),
        kpress(MOD1.."Up",    "WMoveresMode.move(_, 0,-1)"),
        kpress(MOD1.."Down",  "WMoveresMode.move(_, 0, 1)"),
        kpress(MOD1.."F",     "WMoveresMode.move(_,-1, 0)"),
        kpress(MOD1.."B",     "WMoveresMode.move(_, 1, 0)"),
        kpress(MOD1.."P",     "WMoveresMode.move(_, 0,-1)"),
        kpress(MOD1.."N",     "WMoveresMode.move(_, 0, 1)"),
    })

## cfg_menus.lua

cfg_menus.lua配置您的主菜单。

    --
    -- Ion menu definitions
    --
    -- Ion 菜单定义
    --

    -- Main menu
    -- 主菜单
    defmenu("mainmenu", {
        submenu("Programs",         "appmenu"),
        menuentry("Lock screen",    "ioncore.exec_on(_, 'xlock')"),
        menuentry("Help",           "mod_query.query_man(_)"),
        menuentry("About Ion",      "mod_query.show_about_ion(_)"),
        submenu("Styles",           "stylemenu"),
        submenu("Session",          "sessionmenu"),
    })

    -- Application menu
    -- 程序菜单
    defmenu("appmenu", {
        menuentry("Firefox","ioncore.exec_on(_, 'firefox')"),
        menuentry("Thunderbird","ioncore.exec_on(_, 'thunderbird')"),
        menuentry("Editor","ioncore.exec_on(_, 'lazy-edit')"),
        menuentry("Player","ioncore.exec_on(_, 'lazy-player')"),
        menuentry("FTP","ioncore.exec_on(_, 'lazy-ftp')"),
        menuentry("GVim","ioncore.exec_on(_, 'gvim')"),
        menuentry("Run...", "mod_query.query_exec(_)"),
    })

    -- Session control menu
    -- Session 控制菜单
    defmenu("sessionmenu", {
        menuentry("Save",           "ioncore.snapshot()"),
        menuentry("Restart",        "ioncore.restart()"),
        menuentry("Restart PWM",    "ioncore.restart_other('pwm')"),
        menuentry("Restart TWM",    "ioncore.restart_other('twm')"),
        menuentry("Exit",           "ioncore.shutdown()"),
    })

    -- Context menu (frame/client window actions)
    -- 事件菜单 （作用于框体/窗体）
    defctxmenu("WFrame", {
        menuentry("Close",          "WRegion.rqclose_propagate(_, _sub)"),
        menuentry("Kill",           "WClientWin.kill(_sub)",
                                    "_sub:WClientWin"),
        menuentry("(Un)tag",        "WRegion.set_tagged(_sub, 'toggle')",
                                    "_sub:non-nil"),
        menuentry("Attach tagged",  "WFrame.attach_tagged(_)"),
        menuentry("Clear tags",     "ioncore.clear_tags()"),
        menuentry("Window info",    "mod_query.show_clientwin(_, _sub)",
                                    "_sub:WClientWin"),
    })

## cfg_ionws.lua

cfg_ionws.lua配置工作区。

    --
    -- Ion ionws module configuration file
    --
    -- Ion的ionws模块配置文件
    --

    -- Bindings for the tiled workspaces (ionws). These should work on any
    -- object on the workspace.
    -- 用于叠覆的工作区(ionws)的热键绑定。将用于工作区中的所有实体。

    defbindings("WIonWS", {
        bdoc("Split current frame vertically."),
        kpress(MOD1.."V", "WIonWS.split_at(_, _sub, 'bottom', true)"),

        bdoc("Split current frame horizontally."),
        kpress(MOD1.."H", "WIonWS.split_at(_, _sub, 'right', true)"),

        bdoc("Destroy current frame."),
        kpress(MOD1.."Tab", "WIonWS.unsplit_at(_, _sub)"),

        bdoc("Go to frame above/below/right/left of current frame."),
        kpress(MOD2.."Up", "WIonWS.goto_dir(_, 'above')"),
        kpress(MOD2.."Down", "WIonWS.goto_dir(_, 'below')"),
        kpress(MOD2.."Right", "WIonWS.goto_dir(_, 'right')"),
        kpress(MOD2.."Left", "WIonWS.goto_dir(_, 'left')"),
        submap(MOD1.."K", {
            bdoc("Split current frame horizontally."),
            kpress("S", "WIonWS.split_at(_, _sub, 'right', true)"),

            bdoc("Destroy current frame."),
            kpress("X", "WIonWS.unsplit_at(_, _sub)"),
        }),
    })

    -- Frame bindings. These work in (Ion/tiled-style) frames. Some bindings
    -- that are common to all frame types and multiplexes are defined in
    -- ion-bindings.lua.
    --
    -- 框体的热键绑定。用于（Ion/叠覆风格的）框体。
    -- 一些对所有框体皆用的绑定，定义于ion-bindings.lua。
    --

    --defbindings("WFrame-on-WIonWS", {
    --})

    -- WFloatFrame context menu extras
    -- 额外的 WFloatFrame 事件菜单

    if mod_menu then
        defctxmenu("WIonWS", {
            menuentry("Destroy frame",
                      "WIonWS.unsplit_at(_, _sub)"),
            menuentry("Split vertically",
                      "WIonWS.split_at(_, _sub, 'bottom', true)"),
            menuentry("Split horizontally",
                      "WIonWS.split_at(_, _sub, 'right', true)"),
            menuentry("Flip", "WIonWS.flip_at(_, _sub)"),
            menuentry("Transpose", "WIonWS.transpose_at(_, _sub)"),
            submenu("Float split", {
                menuentry("At left",
                          "WIonWS.set_floating_at(_, _sub, 'toggle', 'left')"),
                menuentry("At right",
                          "WIonWS.set_floating_at(_, _sub, 'toggle', 'right')"),
                menuentry("Above",
                          "WIonWS.set_floating_at(_, _sub, 'toggle', 'up')"),
                menuentry("Below",
                          "WIonWS.set_floating_at(_, _sub, 'toggle', 'down')"),
            }),
            submenu("At root", {
                menuentry("Split vertically",
                          "WIonWS.split_top(_, 'bottom')"),
                menuentry("Split horizontally",
                          "WIonWS.split_top(_, 'right')"),
                menuentry("Flip", "WIonWS.flip_at(_)"),
                menuentry("Transpose", "WIonWS.transpose_at(_)"),
            }),
        })
    end

## look.lua

look.lua设置窗体的主题。在文件末端，默认的主题被设置为：

    dopath("look_xerxes")

主题的命名规则为： `look_<主题名>.lua` 。修改主题名，即可得到相应的主题。

分类：​

- 使用“模板:过时”标记的页面或章节
- 平铺式窗口管理器

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